How are TMPS issues diagnosed?
After checking the air pressure, the technician will need to connect a diagnostic scan tool to test the wheel sensors first. In some vehicles, the sensors will not set an OBD-II code directing the technician to the faulty tire pressure sensor, and those must be checked manually. The tires can be inflated and deflated one at a time, and the sensor that does not register the change is faulty, or a wireless scanner can be used to attempt to contact the individual sensors at each wheel. If the sensors are working properly, but the control module does not recognize the TPMS tire pressure sensors, a relearn will be attempted.
How is the TPMS sensor relearn done?
Performing a relearn for tire pressure sensors is an electronic function that reintroduces the TPMS control module to the TPMS tire pressure sensors. In order for the sensors to communicate to the control module, the control module must register those sensors as part of the vehicle, otherwise TPMS sensors from different vehicles would communicate with one another when in close proximity. Most sensors will relearn on their own. After driving the vehicle for a few miles, the TPMS warning light should turn off, and the sensors are relearned. However, some models require the sensors to be introduced "formally" through the use of a professional scan tool which can access the TPMS control module. The later is more rare.
RepairPal Recommendations for Tire Pressure Monitoring System issues
We always recommend contacting the repair center where the tires were last installed. Although the tire pressure sensors are fairly inexpensive, it is best to use the warranty if purchased. If a relearn is required, the repair facility may not even charge for the service, may charge a reduced rate, or may advise driving the vehicle after changing tire pressures.
What to look out for when dealing with Tire Pressure Monitoring System issues
It is essential to understanding where to locate the tire pressure information for the vehicle you drive in the event that you need to check, inflate, or deflate the tires. The information is likely posted on the driver door frame, inside the fuel tank lid, or in the owner's manual. Inflating a tire to the maximum allowable limit printed on the sidewall will be incorrectly overinflated every time.
Can I perform a Tire Pressure Monitoring System Relearn myself?
Checking the air pressure in the tires is something anyone can do, and this solves the majority of issues arising with the TPMS warning lamp However, if a tire goes flat without the TPMS warning light being displayed, or the warning lamp does not turn off with correct pressure, diagnosis will need to be performed with a professional scanner. If the tire pressure sensors must be relearned through a professional scan tool, it is much more cost effective to have that service done by a tire or repair center.