How are TMPS issues diagnosed?
After checking the air pressure, the technician will need to connect a diagnostic scan tool to test the wheel sensors first. In some vehicles, the sensors will not set an OBD-II code directing the technician to the faulty tire pressure sensor, and those must be checked manually. The tires can be inflated and deflated one at a time, and the sensor that does not register the change is faulty, or a wireless scanner can be used to attempt to contact the individual sensors at each wheel. If the sensors are working properly, but the control module does not recognize the TPMS tire pressure sensors, a relearn will be attempted.
How is the TPMS sensor relearn done?
Performing a relearn for tire pressure sensors is an electronic function that reintroduces the TPMS control module to the TPMS tire pressure sensors. In order for the sensors to communicate to the control module, the control module must register those sensors as part of the vehicle, otherwise TPMS sensors from different vehicles would communicate with one another when in close proximity. Most sensors will relearn on their own. After driving the vehicle for a few miles, the TPMS warning light should turn off, and the sensors are relearned. However, some models require the sensors to be introduced "formally" through the use of a professional scan tool which can access the TPMS control module. The later is more rare.
RepairPal Recommendations for Tire Pressure Monitoring System issues
We always recommend contacting the repair center where the tires were last installed. Although the tire pressure sensors are fairly inexpensive, it is best to use the warranty if purchased. If a relearn is required, the repair facility may not even charge for the service, may charge a reduced rate, or may advise driving the vehicle after changing tire pressures.
What to look out for when dealing with Tire Pressure Monitoring System issues